The final chapter of 2 Corinthians opens with an ominous warning from Paul. His third visit to them may be marked by the judgment of Christ for sin. He warned them on his previous visit, and warns the Corinthians once more, that he will not be lenient on those found to be in unrepentant sin. Two categories of sin were named at the end of chapter 12: division and immorality.
13 This is the third time I am coming to you. Every matter must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses. 2 I gave a warning when I was present the second time, and now I give a warning while I am absent to those who sinned before and to all the rest: If I come again, I will not be lenient, 3 since you seek proof of Christ speaking in me. He is not weak in dealing with you, but powerful among you. 4 For he was crucified in weakness, but he lives by the power of God. For we also are weak in him, but in dealing with you we will live with him by God’s power.
2 Corinthians 13:1-4
Every charge must be established by two or three witnesses
Paul was eagerly preparing to return to the Corinthians, driven by a fervent desire to confront those persisting in sin. He boldly declares in verse 2, “I will not spare them,” underscoring the seriousness of his mission. Yet, amidst this strong stance, Paul is intent on conveying a fair approach. He wants his methods to reflect biblical integrity. He would not storm in as a vigilante. He would not be fueled by personal vendettas. Instead, he would embrace a disciplined yet compassionate methodology. His actions would be guided by the profound principles established in Scripture. It was essential for them to understand that Paul’s intention was to act justly and with love.
This Old Testament principle about “two or three witnesses” is from Deuteronomy 19:15.
15 “One witness cannot establish any iniquity or sin against a person, whatever that person has done. A fact must be established by the testimony of two or three witnesses.
Deuteronomy 19:15
The purpose of this law was to fiercely defend the innocent. It aimed to protect against the scourge of slander and the treachery of false testimony. It raises a compelling question: why was the standard set at “two or three” rather than simply one? Perhaps it was a matter of recognizing the integrity and character of the witnesses involved. When both witnesses possess stellar reputations, the weight of their combined testimony would be enough to carry the day. Conversely, if their backgrounds are less illustrious, the law demands three or more voices. This amplifies the call for truth. Or maybe this is a powerful reminder. The testimony of more than one witness is essential. It is not merely the lonely declaration of a solitary voice.
The same principle holds immense value today! One must never hastily accept a rumor or a negative report about someone. This should not be done based solely on the account of a single witness. There could be underlying animosities or biases that taint that person’s perspective. It is far wiser to seek confirmation from a third party before embracing any accusation.
If I come again I will not spare them
It was not Paul’s first warning. 1 and 2 Corinthians are filled with similar warnings.
Why did Paul take sin so seriously in the church?
Paul’s letters emphasize the grave reality of sin within the church, underscoring the urgent need for confrontation and resolution. In stark contrast, many contemporary churches adopt a dangerously lenient attitude towards sin, proudly branding themselves as inclusive. They boldly proclaim that all manner of sinful lifestyles are not only tolerated. These lifestyles are also embraced. This is all done in the name of the love of Jesus.
Without a doubt, churches must fervently embrace every individual. They should invite them to partake in the service. It is important for everyone to hear the powerful Word. However, let it be clear: a sinful lifestyle can never be condoned or accepted. Sin is akin to a deadly disease; once it takes root, it spreads relentlessly, tainting everything in its path. Church leaders must earnestly recognize their sacred duty to confront and discipline members who stray into sin. The ultimate aim is not to deliver harsh punishment, but to restore lives and heal broken souls (see verse 11).
Since you seek proof that Christ is dealing with me
Many in Corinth questioned Paul’s authority, longing for signs and tangible proof to validate his message. Yet, Paul boldly assures them that he will deliver what they seek. He stands ready to wield his divinely granted apostolic authority to confront the sinner with profound power. This may not be the “proof” the Corinthians imagined. However, it will undeniably resonate with conviction. It will leave an indelible mark on their hearts!
Weakness and power
4 For he was crucified in weakness, but he lives by the power of God. For we also are weak in him, but in dealing with you we will live with him by God’s power.
2 Corinthians 13:4
Jesus was crucified in what seemed like “weakness.” Yet we know that Jesus was anything but weak! He possessed the divine power to obliterate all His foes with a mere thought. This truth was confirmed dramatically. The ruthless men who came to seize Him in the garden were forcefully knocked down. This event is witnessed in John 18:4-6. Thus, we understand that this perceived weakness is merely a human perspective. As He hung there, stripped and exposed on the cross, His adversaries reveled in their triumph. But in that moment, true strength radiated like never before! Jesus’s unwavering resolve to fulfill His mission is a testament to unparalleled power. He remained silent while mockers jeered and taunted Him to descend from the cross. The world often misinterprets humility for weakness, failing to grasp the profound strength it embodies.
The power of God was clearly shown when Jesus was raised.
One day every knee will bow and every person will admit that Jesus is Lord.
Similar to Jesus, Paul and his team embodied a profound humility that the world often misconstrues as weakness. The undeniable power of God was unleashed through them. This power was especially apparent when they confronted sin within the church with righteous fervor. Let us not confuse humility with fragility, nor should we confuse bravado with true strength. The mighty presence of the Holy Spirit fuels us. We can stand firm in our conviction. We merge true humility with an unyielding boldness that reflects the fullness of God’s power.
Cross Reference
- John 8:17
- Philippians 2:5-7
- Isaiah 53:2-3
- Hebrews 1:3
Reflective Questions
- What charge was Paul referring to?
- Why did he mention this principle here?
- Why is the biblical standard of two or three witnesses so important?
- How would Paul deal with the sinner when he visited again?
- What does it mean that Christ is “powerful among you?”
- How was Christ “crucified in weakness?” What is Paul’s point here?
- So how might the power of God manifest itself through Paul to the Corinthians?
- What should they do in light of this warning?
- What can we learn from this passage about how to deal with sinning brethren? And what if we are the sinning member?
Test yourselves to see if you are in the faith. Examine yourselves. Or do you yourselves not recognize that Jesus Christ is in you?—unless you fail the test. 6 And I hope you will recognize that we ourselves do not fail the test. 7 But we pray to God that you do nothing wrong—not that we may appear to pass the test, but that you may do what is right, even though we may appear to fail. 8 For we can’t do anything against the truth, but only for the truth. 9 We rejoice when we are weak and you are strong. We also pray that you become fully mature. 10 This is why I am writing these things while absent, so that when I am there I may not have to deal harshly with you, in keeping with the authority the Lord gave me for building up and not for tearing down.
2 Corinthians 13:5-10
Examine yourselves
The Corinthians had strayed far from the path of true believers, and many had the audacity to question Paul’s sincerity. In a fervent response, Paul turned the tables, urging them to reflect deeply on their own salvation. He passionately desired for them to embrace the test he laid before them. He firmly believed in their salvation. He was certain that Jesus was alive within them. Paul yearned for this moment of self-examination. He wanted it to ignite a fire within their hearts. He hoped it would lead them to acknowledge their spiritual shortcomings and fervently repent where needed.
Every believer must fervently engage in self-examination! Don’t rest on a childhood decision or merely raising your hand during an altar call. While those decisions can be real, remember: once someone is truly saved, they are always saved (John 10:27-30). Yet, a harrowing truth remains—many think they’re saved but aren’t (Matthew 7:21). Too many live in sinful, selfish ways while claiming, “I am safe. I prayed the salvation prayer.” Jesus declared that “every good tree bears good fruit” (Matthew 7:17-18). If you are genuinely saved, your life should overflow with fruit! Do you harbor a burning love for God? Is your life characterized by vibrant obedience? Do you ache for the lost? Is your heart filled with a fierce hatred for sin and an insatiable desire for holiness? Are you truly repentant in the wake of your sins? These are vital questions to ignite your spiritual examination!
Don’t rest on a childhood decision or merely raising your hand during an altar call. While those decisions can be real, remember: once someone is truly saved, they are always saved (John 10:27-30).
Yet, a harrowing truth remains—many think they’re saved but aren’t (Matthew 7:21). Too many live in sinful, selfish ways while claiming, “I am safe. I prayed the salvation prayer.” Jesus declared that “every good tree bears good fruit” (Matthew 7:17-18). If you are genuinely saved, your life should overflow with fruit! Do you harbor a burning love for God? Is your life characterized by vibrant obedience? Do you ache for the lost? Is your heart filled with a fierce hatred for sin and an insatiable desire for holiness? Are you truly repentant in the wake of your sins? These are vital
The most vital question you can every ask yourself is “Am I saved?”
There is a test that we can give ourselves in 1 John 3:9.
9 Everyone who has been born of God does not sin, because his seed remains in him; he is not able to sin, because he has been born of God.
1 John 3:9
“No one born of God practices sinning.” So the test is “Am I practicing sin?”
We must embrace this test as a powerful opportunity to reflect on our lives and identify where we fall short. Let us delve deep and honestly assess whether our hearts genuinely belong to God. If we discover that we are entangled in sin, we must humbly kneel before God. We should seek His mercy with fervent repentance. We must resolutely cease from our sinful ways. We could boldly title this verse, “Give Yourself a Transformative Spiritual Self-Exam.”
So I would ask, have you given yourself the self-exam?
Have you really looked hard at these Scriptures and evaluated your actions by them?
Too often, individuals attend their checkups. They are confronted with the harsh truth from their doctors. They are unhealthy and overweight. They are neglecting their diets and foregoing exercise. The patient dismisses this reality with a mumbled “yeah, yeah, yeah.”
On the journey home, they enjoy a couple of mouthwatering monster burgers. They also have crispy French fries and a massive soda. Once back, they sink into the couch and flick on the TV, immersing themselves in mindless entertainment. They carry on with this destructive lifestyle, blissfully unaware of the ticking time bomb within them—until, suddenly, it strikes. A heart attack.
Perform this self exam and then change your lifestyle accordingly.
Paul’s motivations
The apostle yearned with fervor to see the Corinthians triumph over their trials. Even if they continued to doubt him, their success would make every struggle worthwhile. His burning desire for his spiritual children was that they lead lives filled with godliness and righteousness. Some may have fancied themselves as rivals to Paul. However, he sought no part in such competition. His heart was not in rivalry. He didn’t want them to stumble for his own vindication. He had no desire to cast them out from the church. What mattered more to him was their victory. It went beyond his desire to save face. He did not need to be right. He also resisted the satisfaction of having the last laugh.
3 Do nothing out of selfish ambition or conceit, but in humility consider others as more important than yourselves.
Philippians 2:3
Some translations say, “do nothing from vain rivalry.”
The lesson we must embrace is profoundly clear: prioritize the well-being of souls over the mere act of being right. During disagreements with your spouse, do you aim to claim victory in the argument? Or is your concern truly about their spiritual state? Wouldn’t you choose to gracefully concede the debate, knowing that winning their heart and soul is the ultimate triumph?
Your restoration is what we pray for
Above all else, Paul’s fervent wish was for the Corinthians to be restored to a vibrant, healthy relationship with Jesus. Everything else was merely a footnote in comparison! Too often, we become overly concerned with being right or clinching victory in a debate. The ultimate aim of church disciples should always be focused on repentance and restoration. It’s never about proving one’s authority or showing anyone “who is the boss.” It’s about love, transformation, and a heart aligned with Christ!
5 And you have forgotten the exhortation that addresses you as sons:
My son, do not take the Lord’s discipline lightly
or lose heart when you are reproved by him,
6 for the Lord disciplines the one he loves
and punishes every son he receives.Hebrews 12:5-6
Discipline is an act of profound love. It is intended to nurture and uplift the spirit of the one being guided. The essence of discipline is found in its transformative power. Unlike punitive punishment, which aims to hurt, true discipline seeks to restore and rejuvenate. It ignites a spark of hope and growth.
For this reason I write these things while I am away from you
The hope was fervent. The Corinthians needed to turn their hearts back to God. They should embrace a renewed walk with Him before Paul’s arrival. He longed for a joyful reunion rather than a painful confrontation with those ensnared in sin.
For building up and not for tearing down
Authority is a sacred trust bestowed by God to uplift others! Leaders, teachers, and parents alike must tread thoughtfully, ensuring they are empowering those in their charge. Yet, we must reflect on this question: what are some insidious ways that those in positions of authority inadvertently harm? How do they tear down instead of building up? And how can we consciously steer clear of such destructive paths?
Harsh or incessant criticism doesn’t just wound; it shatters spirits and crushes dreams. When tempers flare and voices escalate, the aftermath is always the same: despair. Such severity fosters discouragement, robbing individuals of their drive and passion. Yet, in stark contrast, a few carefully chosen words of kindness can ignite a fire within. They fill hearts with courage and inspiration.
Cross Reference
- Lamentations 3:40
- Galatians 6:3-4
- Psalm 139:34-24
- Philippians 2:12
Reflective Questions
- How would one examine himself to make sure he is in the faith?
- What would he look for?
- Why is this important?
- What would show a passed test? A failed test?
- What motivated Paul to desire that they passed this test (verses 7-9)?
- What attitude can we see in Paul (9)?
- How did Paul seek to use the authority that God gave him?
- How can you use your authority to build others up?
11 Finally, brothers and sisters, rejoice. Become mature, be encouraged, be of the same mind, be at peace, and the God of love and peace will be with you. 12 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the saints send you greetings.
13 The grace of the Lord Jesus Christ, and the love of God, and the fellowship of the Holy Spirit be with you all.
2 Corinthians 13:11-13
Final reminders
Paul delivers his final reminders with heartfelt urgency, like a parent bidding farewell to beloved children. He passionately concludes his letter with these messages. The essence of these reminders is a fervent call for restoration. Those who have strayed but have since repented deserve a warm embrace and heartfelt comfort. Let unity and peace be the relentless pursuit of their hearts!
Greet one another with a holy kiss
A kiss, a gentle peck on each cheek, embodies an enchanting expression of warmth and affection for those we cherish. It acts as a beautiful testament to the vitality of our connections. We embark on the journey of interpreting the Bible. We must strive to understand the profound universal principle behind such heartfelt instructions. This principle urges us to radiate warmth and love towards fellow believers in the unique ways we greet them. In our diverse cultures, the embodiment of such greetings may vary, yet the essence remains unchanged. For many in Western societies, a robust, embracing handshake speaks volumes of camaraderie and compassion. In other places, a hearty slap on the back or a heartfelt hug may resonate deeply. Yet, in countless cultures, the kiss remains a cherished and timeless method of greeting, igniting connections that transcend mere words.
A Trinitarian benediction
Paul passionately concludes with a heartfelt benediction that beautifully honors all three members of the Trinity. He starts his letter with profound words of blessing from the Lord. He wraps it up by pouring out his fervent hopes for them. It powerfully underscores the incredible truth that Jesus is both the beginning and the end. He embraces them in divine grace and purpose.
Cross Reference
- Romans 12:18
- Acts 3:19-21
Reflective Questions
- Share about one of these final reminders that is meaningful to you.
- What is the key thrust of these reminders?
- Should we greet others with a “holy kiss?” Why or why not?
AS we bring 2 Corinthians to a close, take time to reflect over your S.O.A.P pages and look through all the “A” boxes. What have you learned from this letter and Paul? What has the Lord laid on your heart. Take time to REFLECT and SUMMARIZE 2 Corinthians.
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